The Gadwall (Anas strepera) breeds in Europe, Asia and Central America. A small population also breeds in Morocco in northwestern Africa. In Europe it breeds locally on the Iberian Peninsula, the UK, Iceland, Scandinavia, the Baltics, Central and Eastern Europe and south to the Middle East. From European Russia and the East, it has a more continuous distribution in a belt across central parts of Asia as far east as Northeast China and Primorje Region, but also locally in eastern Hokkaido in Japan and Kamchatka. In North America the breeding range extends from the St. Lawrence River, the Great Lakes, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Dakota, southern Kansas, and west to California, and along Canada's Pacific coast and the southern coastal areas of Alaska. The distribution area in eastern North America seems to increase. Most of the northern populations are migratory birds and the Palearctic population migrate south in winter to the Mediterranean, North and East Africa and as far south as Ethiopia and Eritrea, India, southern Japan and Southeast Asia. The North American population winters in coastal areas in Alaska, and south to Central America and east to Idaho, Kansas, Ohio, Virginia, and further south into Central America and the Bahamas in the Caribbean.
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